Sujet LLCER — Terminale — Liban — Bac 2023

SUJET 1 Le sujet porte sur la thématique « Relation au monde ». Partie 1 (16 pts) Prenez connaissance du dossier proposé, composé des documents A, B et C non hiérarchisés, et traitez en anglais le sujet suivant (500 mots environ) : Taking into account the specificities of the documents, consider the role played by the United States in climate diplomacy. You will pay particular attention to the evolution of the American environmental commitment and the relationship between the USA and other nations. Partie 2 (4 pts) Traduisez en français le passage suivant du document B (l. 20-27) : The US and China had, for a time, found ways to work together on climate, despite tensions on other issues, including trade and human rights. For instance, at last November’s UN climate summit, the two countries unveiled a wide-ranging agreement to advance clean energy, combat deforestation and tackle methane emissions. And collaboration between the US and China was critical to developing the 2015 Paris accord itself. The Twitter exchange underscores how much other issues have now intruded on climate diplomacy. 23-LLCERANMCLI1 Page 2/9 Document A Scientists welcome ‘enormous’ US climate bill — but call for stronger action Several US agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Department of Energy (DOE), will see a significant influx of cash from a massive climate and tax bill that US President Joe Biden signed on 16 August. Scientists around the world welcome the legislation, called the Inflation Reduction Act, 5 which pledges US $369 billion in climate investments over the next decade — while acknowledging that more work is needed to counter global warming. The legislation would cut US greenhouse-gas emissions by about 30-40% below 2005 levels by 2030, scientists estimate, bringing the country closer to delivering on its pledge of a 50% reduction, which Biden made last year. And it signals to other nations 10 that the United States, a major emitter that has historically pumped the largest share of greenhouse gases into Earth’s atmosphere, is on board to address climate change, scientists say. After former president Donald Trump took steps away from climate action, “it returns the US to a position of leadership”, says Michael Mann, a climate scientist at the 15 University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. “It helps create a global climate for action.” That’s because the 2015 Paris climate agreement — which aims to limit the global